Lung Lobectomy and Postoperative Care

A lobectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of a section of the lung, also known as a lobe. This procedure is commonly performed in pulmonary, hepatic, and neurosurgery. Each lung has several lobes; three in the right lung and two in the left. When a pathology affects only a specific lobe, it can be surgically removed, preserving the rest of the lung's health and function.

Before a lung lobectomy, inform your doctor of:

• Suspected or confirmed pregnancy;
• Allergies to contrast media;
• Allergies to medications or anesthetics;
• Current medications;
• Bleeding disorders;
• Use of blood thinners;

You must also ensure that you:

• Do not take any medication before the operation;
• Do not eat or drink eight hours before surgery;
• Follow your doctor's instructions;

Quitting smoking is strongly recommended for a successful operation. Each patient undergoes a thorough assessment by a pulmonologist and anesthesiologist to evaluate postoperative respiratory function and associated risks. On the day of the procedure, a fast of at least six hours is essential, along with following all instructions from the medical team, especially regarding medications.

When is a Lobectomy Necessary?

• Lobectomy is the most common treatment for lung cancer;
• Most patients spend two days in the hospital after this operation;
• It's also performed to treat:
  • Fungal infections: Fungi can grow in the body and cause infections;
  • Benign tumors: Non-cancerous growths can compress blood vessels and disrupt organ function;
  • Emphysema: A chronic condition caused by deterioration of elastic lung fibers, leading to breathing difficulties;
  • Lung abscess;
  • Tuberculosis: A chronic bacterial infection usually affecting the lungs;

Is a Lobectomy Painful?

Pain management is crucial. Minimally invasive lobectomy offers advantages, primarily easier pain control with less medication. This is because the rib cage's muscle structures are spared, and ribs don't need to be spread. Therefore, recovery is significantly reduced, with hospital discharge usually after two or three days. Return to work is also faster. Traditional lung cancer surgery requires a larger incision and slower, more painful recovery, but our pain management service effectively addresses any discomfort.

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Postoperative Course of a Lung Lobectomy

Postoperatively, the patient is closely monitored and has access to pain medication. A post-operative X-ray is recommended to ensure healthy lungs. Deep breathing exercises are taught to fully open the lungs and should be continued at home. Physical activity resumes gradually, with full fitness taking several weeks. Post-operative oxygen may be needed, which is normal, usually only during hospitalization but sometimes at home.

At home, continue deep breathing and coughing techniques learned in the hospital. These help lung recovery, improve breathing, and prevent complications like pneumonia. Rehabilitation retrains lung expansion and contraction. While lobectomy resolves the problem for some, it slows disease progression or reduces symptoms for others.

Hospital stays typically last two to seven days but vary depending on the procedure and other factors. Some patients require readmission, while others resume normal activities. Avoid heavy lifting for six to twelve weeks, or until authorized by your doctor. Maintain a proper diet and engage in physical activity for better recovery.

During recovery, avoid:

• Smoking;
• Chemical fumes;
• Pollution;
• Exposure to individuals with upper respiratory infections (flu, common cold);

What are the main complications associated with a Lobectomy?

Lung lobectomy can cause respiratory and cardiovascular complications. Pneumonia is a major concern, particularly in smokers, highlighting the importance of quitting before surgery. About 30% of patients may develop cardiovascular problems like arrhythmias, managed during hospitalization with cardiologists, usually without extending the stay. Average hospital stay ranges from two to six days, with a normal diet resumed the day after surgery. The medical staff will advise on suture removal and wound care.

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