5 Myths About Male Infertility

Myth #1: Infertility is rarely the man's fault

Contrary to popular belief, infertility is not solely a woman's problem, nor is it always the man's fault. Male fertility depends on the body's ability to produce and deliver normal sperm. Sperm enters the vagina, travels through the cervix to the uterus and fallopian tubes. Fertilization occurs if sperm and egg meet. This system only functions correctly with favorable genes, hormone levels, and environmental conditions.

Infertility affects men and women equally. In up to 50% of couples seeking fertility evaluation, a male factor is involved. When couples share their struggles, a compassionate and supportive environment is crucial. The initial, intimate discussion should be free of blame or judgment.

Myth #2: Age is just a number when trying to conceive

Age significantly impacts both men and women's fertility. As age increases, fertility declines, and health risks increase, especially for women. Men over 40 face a higher risk of offspring with health problems, testicular cancer, pituitary tumors, and genetic abnormalities if diagnosed with infertility. Some men are born with genetic disorders, which may be new or hereditary, manifesting for the first time in the affected individual. Known causes of genetic abnormalities are often detected in men with azoospermia (no sperm in ejaculate), or conditions affecting sperm production (e.g., Klinefelter syndrome, Y chromosome microdeletions). Genetic conditions can also affect the development of the male reproductive tract, hindering sperm transport.

Myth #3: Lifestyle changes won't improve sperm count and quality

Even healthy individuals can improve sperm quality through behavioral modifications. Dietary changes, such as including nuts or limiting coffee, can improve sperm count. Quitting smoking, reducing alcohol, and increasing exercise are also beneficial. A healthy lifestyle contributes to good sperm count. Determining the cause of male infertility can be difficult, sometimes termed "idiopathic." Healthcare providers utilize experience ("empirical therapy") to find effective solutions, often focusing on hormone balance. The effectiveness of empirical therapies varies greatly.

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Myth #4: Testosterone supplements are good for improving male fertility

Many products claim to improve testosterone levels, often suggesting improved libido, without approval for that purpose. Testosterone injections, supplements, or steroids can severely harm fertility, potentially leading to zero sperm count. Under medical supervision, medications aimed at naturally increasing testosterone may be acceptable. Testosterone use decreases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which regulates sperm production. Lower FSH leads to decreased sperm production. Low-T treatment can also cause testicular atrophy, further impacting fertility.

While supplements may improve libido, they reduce fertility. Stopping treatment usually restores sperm production, generally faster with shorter treatment durations.

Myth #5: Nothing can be done to improve sperm count

While natural methods may slightly improve sperm quality, hormone therapy or surgery often increases testosterone, leading to improved sperm count, shape, or movement.

Varicocele (enlarged scrotal vein) is a common cause of male infertility. Micro-surgical varicocele repair can improve sperm parameters by 60-70%, with many men conceiving six to nine months post-operation.

In short, male infertility is treatable!

The biggest hurdle for men facing reproductive or sexual issues is often initiating the conversation. Doctors prioritize personalized treatment plans aligning with each patient's goals and lifestyle, ranging from complex microsurgery to simple medication adjustments.

Successful diagnosis and treatment restore intimacy, improve relationships, and enable family building.

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