Mastectomy

Mastectomy

Your mastectomy in Tunisia at an affordable price

Regain strength and serenity thanks to a mastectomy supervised by oncology professionals.

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from 1 500 €

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1. Request for a quote
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What is a mastectomy?

A mastectomy is a cancer surgery operation that involves removing all breast tissue from one breast to treat or prevent breast cancer. In cases where cancer is detected at an early stage, a mastectomy may be considered as a treatment option. An alternative to this operation is breast-conserving surgery, also called lumpectomy, which involves removing only the tumor from the breast. Choosing between a mastectomy and a lumpectomy can be complex. Both procedures have similar effectiveness in terms of preventing breast cancer recurrence. However, it is important to note that lumpectomy is not suitable for all women with breast cancer, and some opt for a mastectomy. Today, with advances in mastectomy, it is possible to preserve the skin of the breast and regain a natural appearance after the operation. This innovative technique allows for skin sparing during a mastectomy. Breast shape repair or breast reconstruction can be performed after 12 months of mastectomy to allow you to regain your figure.

Who is a mastectomy for?

Mastectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing one or both breasts, partially or totally, and it is indicated for several groups of people. Primarily, it is recommended for patients with breast cancer, especially when the tumor is large, located in several places in the breast, or when the patient has significant family history of breast cancer. It can also be offered to people with a high risk of developing breast cancer, such as those carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutations, as a preventive measure. In addition, mastectomy may be indicated for male transgender patients as part of their gender transition to achieve a more masculine chest appearance. The choice of this intervention is often the result of a carefully considered personal and medical decision, involving in-depth discussions with oncologists, surgeons, and other healthcare professionals.

Why have a mastectomy?

To treat breast cancer or prevent a high risk of developing this disease, the mastectomy operation involves removing all breast tissue. Depending on your situation, you may undergo a unilateral mastectomy (one breast) or a bilateral mastectomy (both breasts).

This operation may be a treatment option for different forms of breast cancer, including:

  • Treatment of non-invasive breast cancer;
  • Stages I and II (early stage) breast cancer;
  • Stage III (locally advanced) breast cancer — after chemotherapy;
  • Inflammatory breast cancer — after chemotherapy;
  • Paget’s disease of the breast;
  • Locally recurrent breast cancer;

Your doctor may recommend a mastectomy instead of a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy if:

  • You have two or more tumors in separate areas of your breast, cancer cells;
  • And if you had calcium deposits in your breast, called microcalcifications, that were diagnosed as cancer after a breast biopsy?
  • You have already received radiation therapy in the breast area, but the breast cancer has recurred in the same area;
  • Please note that if you are pregnant, your unborn baby is at unacceptable risk due to radiation.
  • You have had surgery to remove a tumor, however cancer remains at the edges of the area that was operated on and there is concern that it may spread outside the breast.
  • You carry a genetic mutation that significantly increases your risk of developing a second breast cancer.
  • Your tumor is considerable compared to the size of your breast. Unfortunately, after removal of the tumor, it is impossible to have enough healthy breast tissue to achieve a satisfactory aesthetic result;
  • Have you been diagnosed with a connective tissue disease, such as scleroderma or lupus? If so, you surely know how difficult it is to cope with the harmful side effects of radiation on the skin.

What is the cost of a mastectomy in Tunisia?

The mastectomy process has been successfully performed in Tunisia for many years. Our state-of-the-art medical facilities and world-renowned specialist oncology surgeons, as well as our experienced team, will provide you with quality care. In addition, our all-inclusive offers include all costs associated with the operation, making mastectomy in Tunisia much more affordable than in Europe. Do not hesitate to contact us for a free quote. We guarantee you advantageous rates for mastectomy while respecting international quality standards. The price of a mastectomy operation in Tunisia starts from 1500 EUR. This only includes the costs related to the surgery.

Mastectomy to prevent breast cancer

If you have a high risk of developing breast cancer, even if you are not affected, it would be interesting to consider the possibility of a mastectomy in Tunisia. Performed for preventive or risk-reducing reasons, mastectomy involves removing both breasts and significantly reduces the chances of developing breast cancer in the future. To protect against breast cancer, a prophylactic mastectomy is reserved for individuals exposed to a significantly elevated risk. This risk is determined by a significant family history of breast cancer or the presence of specific genetic mutations that significantly increase the likelihood of developing this type of cancer.

What are the different types of mastectomy?

Modified radical mastectomy

When we talk about a modified radical mastectomy, it means completely removing the mammary gland as well as the majority of lymph nodes. However, thanks to new techniques, it is now possible to perform less invasive mastectomies, requiring less tissue and lymph node removal.

Total mastectomy

Total mastectomy, also called simple mastectomy, involves completely removing the breast, including breast tissue, areola, and nipple. It is also possible to perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy during a total mastectomy.

Skin-sparing mastectomy

When we talk about a skin-sparing mastectomy, it means that all parts of the breast, including breast tissue, nipple, and areola, are removed, but not the skin of the breast. It is also possible to perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy. In addition, be aware that breast reconstruction can be considered immediately after the procedure. It is possible that larger tumors are not suitable for a skin-sparing mastectomy.

Nipple-sparing mastectomy

A nipple-sparing or areola-sparing mastectomy technique allows only the breast tissue to be removed while preserving the skin, nipple, and areola. It is also possible to perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy in addition.

What are the risks of a mastectomy?

The risks of a mastectomy include:

  • Bleeding;
  • Infection;
  • Pain, especially in the shoulder;
  • Swelling (lymphedema) in your arm if you have axillary lymph node dissection;
  • Formation of hard scar tissue at the surgical site;
  • Numbness, especially under the arm, from lymph node removal;
  • This is the accumulation of blood at the surgical site, commonly called hematoma.

Before undergoing a mastectomy, you will have the opportunity to meet with the cancer surgeon as well as the anesthesiologist. Together, you will discuss the operation in detail, reviewing your medical history and asking any questions that come to mind. It is essential that you fully understand the procedure, as well as the reasons and risks associated with this anti-cancer intervention. A mastectomy usually lasts between one and three hours. This procedure is frequently performed as a day procedure, allowing patients to go home on the same day as the operation. For those undergoing a double mastectomy, be prepared for a longer surgical procedure and a possible one-day extension in the hospital. Before your surgery, a sentinel node biopsy may be performed. To do this, a radioactive tracer and a blue dye are injected into the area around the tumor or on the skin above it. These substances travel to the sentinel node(s), providing your doctor with precise locations to remove them during surgery.

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What are the steps in preparing for a mastectomy operation?

Before your mastectomy, you should follow the following instructions:

  • Inform us of the medications, vitamins, or supplements you are taking. It should be noted that certain substances may hinder the progress of a surgical procedure.
  • Stop consuming aspirin, ibuprofen (such as Advil), and other analgesics, as well as anticoagulant medications.
  • Fast for 8 to 12 hours before the procedure, no drinks, food, or cigarettes;
  • Prepare for your stay at the clinic in Tunisia. One day of hospitalization is sufficient. Bring a robe and slippers to be comfortable at the clinic;

How is a mastectomy operation performed?

A mastectomy includes several methods for removing one or two breasts. In addition, the surgeon may remove nearby lymph nodes to detect any possible spread of cancer. During axillary lymph node dissection, the practitioner removes various lymph nodes from your armpit, on the side of the tumor. To make the subject more accessible, here is a rephrasing in English of the description of a lymph node biopsy: during this procedure, the surgeon only removes the first nodes affected by a tumor, called sentinel nodes. During a mastectomy, it is necessary to send the removed lymph nodes to an anatomo-pathological analysis laboratory. If no cancer is detected, no further lymph node removal will be required. However, if cancer is present, the surgeon will discuss with the oncologist the different treatment options, such as radiotherapy. If this option is chosen, it will not be necessary to remove other lymph nodes. A mastectomy is performed under general anesthesia. The cancer surgeon begins by making an elliptical incision around your breast. The breast tissue is removed and, depending on your procedure, other parts of the breast may also be removed. Regardless of the mastectomy method used, the breast tissue and removed lymph nodes will be sent to a pathology laboratory for examination. When the surgery is complete, the incision is carefully closed using sutures made with threads that naturally absorb. You may also be fitted with drainage tubes to allow drainage of fluids that may accumulate after surgery.

What are the post-operative consequences after a mastectomy?

After your mastectomy, you will:

  • Be taken to a recovery room where your blood pressure, pulse, and breathing will be monitored;
  • Have a bandage on the surgical site;
  • Discover how our body reacts when it feels pain, numbness, and a pinching sensation in the armpit area.
  • Learn how to take care of yourself at home by following precise instructions. This includes taking care of your incision and drains, knowing how to detect signs of infection, and understanding the activity limitations to respect.
  • Let’s see how we can make this text more accessible: this involves prescribing analgesics and, possibly, an antibiotic;

Recovery time after mastectomy

Recovery time after a mastectomy varies depending on several factors, including the type of mastectomy performed, the patient’s general health, and the presence of any complications. In general, initial recovery lasts between two and four weeks, during which patients may experience pain, fatigue, and some limitation of movement. During this period, it is crucial to follow medical instructions, such as taking prescribed medications, avoiding strenuous physical activity, and keeping incisions clean and dry to prevent infections. Follow-up visits with the surgeon are also necessary to monitor healing. If breast reconstruction is performed at the same time as the mastectomy, the recovery time may be longer. Overall, a complete return to normal activities can take several weeks to a few months, and it is important to give your body the time it needs to heal fully.

Alternative treatments

When a mastectomy is necessary to treat breast cancer, several complementary therapeutic options can be considered, including alternative treatments, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Alternative treatments, such as traditional medicine, acupuncture, or specific diets, can be used in parallel with conventional treatments to improve overall well-being and help manage side effects. However, they do not replace proven medical therapies. Chemotherapy is often prescribed after a mastectomy if the cancer is advanced or if there is a high risk of recurrence. This treatment, which uses drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body, can cause side effects such as hair loss, nausea, and decreased white blood cells. Radiation therapy is another common option after a mastectomy, especially if the cancer was locally advanced or if insufficient margins were left during surgery. It uses high-energy X-rays to target and destroy remaining cancer cells in the breast area, which can lead to side effects such as skin irritation and localized fatigue. The choice between these treatments depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient, and should be discussed with a medical team to determine the best post-mastectomy treatment strategy.

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What are the expected results after a mastectomy?

The results of the anatomo-pathological analysis will be available within 48 to 72 hours after your mastectomy.

To better understand your results and in case of the need for additional treatment, your doctor may refer you to:

  • If you have a large tumor, lymph nodes positive for cancer, skin or breast spread of the disease, or persistent cancer after a mastectomy, consult a radiation therapist to discuss recommended radiation therapy treatment options;
  • Feel free to discuss with your oncologist the different treatment options that can be considered after your operation, such as chemotherapy if your cancer responds to hormones, or a combination of chemotherapy and other medications.

What are the side effects of a mastectomy?

The side effects of a mastectomy can vary depending on the individual and the complexity of the surgery, but there are common symptoms that patients should expect. Immediately after surgery, patients may experience pain, swelling, and bruising around the surgical site. Decreased sensitivity or numbness in the surgical area is also common due to nerves being cut during the procedure. Other potential side effects include infections, bleeding, and complications related to anesthesia. In the longer term, some patients may experience limitations in the range of motion of the shoulder and arm on the operated side. It is also possible to develop lymphedema, swelling caused by a buildup of lymphatic fluid, especially if lymph nodes have been removed. Emotionally, patients may experience anxiety, depression, or body image disorders. Appropriate management and medical and psychological support are essential to help patients cope with these side effects and fully recover.

Breast reconstruction after a mastectomy in Tunisia

A large majority of women who have undergone a mastectomy opt for breast reconstruction. As a general rule, it is advisable to perform this repair surgery one year after the mastectomy. Breast reconstruction is a complex procedure performed by a plastic surgeon.

Breast reconstruction may include:

  • the use of breast implants or prostheses;
  • Use of your own tissue to reconstruct the skin combined with lipofilling;
  • A combination of both techniques;

Organizing your mastectomy in Tunisia

With Tunisia Destination Santé, your agency specializing in medical tourism in Tunisia, planning your mastectomy is child’s play. We offer you quick treatment without compromising the quality of care. Your file will be analyzed by a competent and experienced team including a specialist oncology surgeon, an oncologist, and a radiation oncologist. We are always at your disposal to support you at every step, from the preparation of your medical file to your return to your country. Contact us now to start the process and receive a personalized quote free of charge.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the criteria for determining if a prophylactic mastectomy is appropriate for a high-risk patient?
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A prophylactic mastectomy may be considered appropriate for patients with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutation, a strong family history of breast cancer, or high breast density associated with other risk factors. Consultation with a genetic counselor and a specialist surgeon is necessary to assess all risks and benefits.

What impact does a mastectomy have on the sensitivity and function of the remaining breast tissue?
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A mastectomy often involves significant loss of sensitivity in the breast area due to nerve sectioning. However, sensitivity may partially return over time, but this varies from patient to patient. Lactation function is generally lost with a complete mastectomy.

How can a mastectomy affect a patient's mental health and body image?
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A mastectomy can have a profound impact on a patient’s mental health and body image. Feelings of loss, decreased femininity, and anxiety are common. Psychological support, support groups, and sometimes breast reconstruction can help mitigate these effects.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the different breast reconstruction techniques after a mastectomy?
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Breast reconstruction techniques include breast implants and autologous reconstructions using the patient’s own tissue. Implants are less invasive but may require replacements. Autologous reconstructions have a more natural look and feel but involve more complex surgery with a longer recovery period.

What is the importance of physiotherapy after a mastectomy?
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Physiotherapy is crucial after a mastectomy to prevent and treat complications such as lymphedema, improve shoulder and arm mobility, and facilitate a return to normal activities. A personalized physiotherapy program can help optimize recovery.

What role do medical tattoos play in breast reconstruction after a mastectomy?
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Medical tattoos, such as those used to recreate the appearance of the nipple and areola, play an important aesthetic role in breast reconstruction. They help improve the appearance and symmetry of reconstructed breasts, thus contributing to patients’ body image and self-confidence.

What are the long-term risks of a mastectomy for general health?
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Long-term risks of a mastectomy include complications related to scarring, lymphedema, chronic pain, and risks associated with any repeated surgery for reconstructions or corrections. Ongoing monitoring and appropriate care can mitigate these risks.

How do personal and cultural choices influence the decision to undergo a mastectomy?
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Personal and cultural choices strongly influence the decision to undergo a mastectomy. Perceptions of femininity, the value placed on breast preservation, beliefs about cancer and treatments, as well as social and family support, all play a role in this complex decision.

What is the impact of mastectomy on sex life and intimate relationships?
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Mastectomy can affect sex life and intimate relationships due to physical and emotional changes. Open communication with the partner, psychological support, and sex therapy can help navigate these challenges and maintain a satisfying intimate life.

Are there recent advances in mastectomy techniques that reduce side effects?
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Yes, recent advances include skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomy, as well as the use of oncoplastic surgery techniques. These techniques aim to improve aesthetic results while reducing side effects such as pain and scarring. New monitoring and rehabilitation technologies also contribute to improved recovery.