Locations and Rights Related to Abortion

Women face difficult decisions regarding sexuality, pregnancy, and reproduction. Access to information and care for a voluntary termination of pregnancy is essential. This article explores the rights related to abortion, as well as the medical facilities and services available based on postal code to meet the needs of women worldwide.

Definition and History of Abortion

Definition of Abortion

Abortion is the term used to describe the termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable or able to survive independently of the mother's body. It can occur spontaneously, but it is also possible to take voluntary measures, known as induced abortion, to end a pregnancy.

History of Abortion

Since antiquity, humanity has attempted various forms of induced abortion (IA), although there is no documented evidence to date. Historical documentation shows that different processes have been used since antiquity and the 1600s to the 19th century to interrupt a pregnancy, including the consumption of herbs, bloodletting, and premature delivery.

In the United States, for example, a number of religious groups such as the Quakers and Shakers opposed the widespread use of means to end a pregnancy after the first stage.

Methods and Procedures of Abortion

Medical Methods

Oral contraceptives can be taken orally to interrupt an ongoing pregnancy - this method is called post-coital contraception. Oral contraceptives must be taken immediately after sexual intercourse to be effective.

Post-coital contraceptives can also be administered by injection - this is called "injectable contraception". This form is available short-term as it cannot be applied later than 5 days after sexual intercourse.

Induced Abortion (IA)

When post-coital contraception is not possible or desirable, an induced abortion (IA) can be performed by a qualified doctor or midwife. An IA usually involves an initial consultation and a direct surgical procedure: either by aspiration or uterine curettage.

An IA can also be performed using a medication method, according to the doctor's guidelines. A follow-up consultation is necessary to verify that the IA was effective and without side effects.

Other Methods and Procedures

In addition to the use of post-coital contraceptives or IA, other techniques are available to interrupt an ongoing pregnancy. These procedures include intrauterine contraception (or IUD) which is inserted directly into the uterus and is designed to prevent fertilization; surgical sterilization which is a permanent treatment should only be considered in case of unwanted pregnancy; and the well-known techniques of obstetrics which consist of "delivering" the fetus before its vital maturity.

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Legislation and Rules Regarding Abortion

Legislation and Rules by Country

Regulations regarding abortion vary considerably from country to country. In some countries, abortion is illegal except in cases of imminent danger to the woman's life; in others, it can be obtained on request up to a certain stage of fetal development, although this may raise ethical questions for some people.

Religious groups present in each country can also influence the laws applied to this subject.

Legislation and Rules by State

Furthermore, each US state has its own laws on IA. However, all states generally apply the same fundamental rule: if a woman wishes to undergo an IA after the beginning of the third trimester of her pregnancy, she must obtain the explicit approval of her doctor and/or an expert committee.

Minors' Right to Abortion

Finally, minors with questions about IA need specialized access to a center or service offering the type of information they need without breaking the law. Depending on the legal timeframe applicable to each US state, 40% of young people having an abortion in the United States need a specialized center for this procedure.

Locations: Postal Code for Enriching Local Information, Medical Facility or Health Service for IA

Depending on where you live, it can be difficult to find a specialized center offering abortion-related services. It is therefore useful to know your postal code in order to enrich information on medical facilities and health services that offer IA services as well as additional care and information according to your geographical location.

Although a voluntary termination of pregnancy is not an easy decision to make, many women do so every year. This guide provides essential information on the available law and technology to encourage women to make an informed decision regarding abortion.

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